Ethiopia Entry Requirements

Visa, immigration, and customs information

Ethiopia, located in the Horn of Africa, welcomes millions of visitors annually to experience its rich cultural heritage, ancient history, and stunning landscapes. The country has modernized its entry requirements in recent years, introducing an electronic visa (e-Visa) system that has streamlined the process for most international travelers. All visitors must have a valid passport with at least six months validity from the date of entry and sufficient blank pages for entry and exit stamps. The immigration process in Ethiopia is generally straightforward, with most travelers entering through Addis Ababa Bole International Airport, the country's main gateway. Visitors should be prepared to present their visa (or visa exemption documentation), return ticket, proof of accommodation, and evidence of sufficient funds for their stay. The Ethiopian immigration authorities have become increasingly efficient, though travelers should still allow adequate time for processing, especially during peak travel periods. Before traveling to Ethiopia, it's essential to verify current entry requirements, as policies can change. The e-Visa system has made it easier for eligible nationals to obtain authorization before travel, though some nationalities still require traditional visa applications through Ethiopian embassies or consulates. Understanding these requirements in advance will ensure a smooth entry experience and help avoid any complications at the border.

Visa Requirements

Entry permissions vary by nationality. Find your category below.

Ethiopia operates a tiered visa system with visa-free entry for select African nations, an e-Visa program for most other nationalities, and traditional visa requirements for some countries. The e-Visa system, introduced in 2017 and expanded since, has significantly simplified the entry process for eligible travelers.

Visa-Free Entry

Typically 90 days within a given period (varies by nationality)

Citizens of select countries can enter Ethiopia without a visa for tourism or business purposes

Includes

Visa-free access is primarily limited to certain African Union member states and specific bilateral agreements. Most travelers from other regions will require either an e-Visa or traditional visa. Requirements can change based on reciprocal agreements.

Electronic Visa (e-Visa)

Tourist visas: 30 or 90 days (single or multiple entry options available)

Most international travelers can apply for an Ethiopian e-Visa online before travel

Includes

United States United Kingdom Canada Australia New Zealand Most European Union countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, etc.) Japan South Korea China India Brazil South Africa Most other nationalities not specifically excluded

How to Apply: Apply online through the official Ethiopian e-Visa portal (www.evisa.gov.et) at least 3-7 days before travel. The process involves completing an online application form, uploading a passport photo and passport bio-data page, and paying the visa fee. Processing typically takes 1-3 business days, though applying at least one week in advance is recommended. Approved e-Visas are sent via email and should be printed and presented upon arrival.
Cost: Approximately USD $52 for a 30-day single-entry tourist visa; USD $72 for a 90-day single-entry visa. Fees may vary by nationality and visa type. Payment is made online via credit/debit card.

The e-Visa is available for tourism, business, conference, and transit purposes. Ensure your email address is correct as the approved visa will be sent electronically. Some travelers may also be eligible for visa on arrival, but obtaining an e-Visa in advance is strongly recommended to avoid delays and potential issues at the airport.

Visa on Arrival

Typically 30 days for tourism

Available for some nationalities at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport, though e-Visa is preferred

How to Apply: Available at designated counters at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport. Requires passport, passport photos, completed application form, and visa fee in cash (USD). However, obtaining an e-Visa before travel is strongly recommended as it is faster and more reliable.

While visa on arrival remains technically available for many nationalities, the e-Visa system is the preferred and more efficient option. Visa on arrival can result in longer wait times and is subject to availability. Not all entry points offer visa on arrival services.

Traditional Visa Required

Varies by visa type and nationality, typically 30-90 days

Some nationalities must apply for a visa at an Ethiopian embassy or consulate before travel

How to Apply: Contact the nearest Ethiopian embassy or consulate to submit an application in person or by mail. Requirements typically include a completed application form, passport-sized photos, valid passport, invitation letter (for business visas), proof of accommodation, return ticket, and visa fee. Processing times vary but can take 5-15 business days or longer.

Certain nationalities and specific visa categories (such as work permits, student visas, or long-term residence) require traditional embassy processing. Business travelers may need an invitation letter from an Ethiopian company or organization. Always check with the nearest Ethiopian diplomatic mission for specific requirements.

Arrival Process

Upon arrival in Ethiopia, travelers will proceed through immigration control, baggage claim, and customs. The process at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport is generally efficient, though wait times can vary depending on flight arrivals and time of day. Having all required documents readily accessible will help ensure a smooth entry.

Disembarkation and Health Screening

After landing, follow signs to immigration. You may pass through health screening checkpoints where temperature checks or health declarations may be required, depending on current health protocols.

Immigration Control

Present your passport, e-Visa confirmation (printed copy), and completed arrival card (usually distributed on the flight) to the immigration officer. Officers may ask questions about your visit. Biometric data (fingerprints and photo) may be collected.

Visa on Arrival (if applicable)

If you haven't obtained an e-Visa and are eligible for visa on arrival, proceed to the visa on arrival counter before regular immigration. Be prepared for potential wait times and have the required fee in USD cash.

Baggage Claim

After clearing immigration, proceed to baggage claim to collect your checked luggage. Verify your bags for any damage and report issues immediately to airline representatives if necessary.

Customs Declaration

Complete a customs declaration form if you have items to declare (amounts of currency exceeding USD $3,000, restricted items, or goods exceeding duty-free allowances). Proceed through the appropriate customs channel—green for nothing to declare, red for items to declare.

Exit to Arrivals Hall

After clearing customs, exit to the arrivals hall where you can arrange transportation, exchange currency, or meet waiting parties. Official airport taxis and hotel shuttles are available.

Documents to Have Ready

Valid Passport

Must be valid for at least 6 months from date of entry with at least two blank pages for stamps. Damaged passports may be rejected.

Visa or e-Visa Confirmation

Printed copy of approved e-Visa or valid visa stamp in passport. Keep both electronic and printed copies accessible.

Arrival/Departure Card

Completed immigration card (usually provided on the flight). Fill out accurately with passport details, Ethiopian address, and purpose of visit.

Return or Onward Ticket

Proof of return or onward travel. Immigration may request to see confirmation of your departure from Ethiopia.

Proof of Accommodation

Hotel reservation, invitation letter from host, or address where you'll be staying in Ethiopia. May be requested by immigration officers.

Proof of Sufficient Funds

Evidence of financial means to support yourself during your stay (cash, credit cards, bank statements). Rarely requested but advisable to have available.

Yellow Fever Vaccination Certificate

Required if arriving from or having transited through a yellow fever endemic country. Should be carried with passport.

Tips for Smooth Entry

Print all documents: Even though you have an e-Visa, print a copy along with your accommodation confirmations and return ticket. Internet access may be limited or unavailable at immigration.

Have USD cash available: If you need to obtain a visa on arrival or pay any unexpected fees, USD is the preferred currency. Small denominations are helpful.

Be patient and polite: Immigration officers are doing their job to ensure security. Answer questions honestly and directly, and remain courteous throughout the process.

Double-check your passport stamp: Before leaving the immigration counter, verify that your entry stamp is correctly dated and matches your visa validity.

Keep important documents together: Use a travel document organizer to keep your passport, visa, vaccination certificates, and other important papers in one secure, easily accessible location.

Arrive prepared for health checks: Have any required health documentation ready, including yellow fever certificates if applicable. Follow current health protocols which may include temperature screening.

Know your Ethiopian address: Have the complete address of your first night's accommodation written down or easily accessible on your phone, as immigration forms and officers may request this information.

Allow sufficient connection time: If you're transiting through Addis Ababa to another destination, allow at least 2-3 hours for international connections to account for immigration and security procedures.

Customs & Duty-Free

Ethiopian customs regulations are designed to prevent illegal importation of prohibited goods while allowing travelers to bring in reasonable personal items and gifts. All travelers must pass through customs control after collecting baggage. Ethiopia has specific duty-free allowances for alcohol, tobacco, and other goods. Failing to declare items that should be declared can result in fines, confiscation, or other penalties.

Alcohol

2 liters of alcoholic beverages (wine, spirits, or beer combined)

Only for travelers aged 18 and above. Amounts exceeding this limit are subject to duty and must be declared.

Tobacco

200 cigarettes, or 50 cigars, or 250 grams of tobacco

For personal use only, travelers aged 18 and above. Commercial quantities will be confiscated or subject to import duties.

Perfume

Up to 500ml of perfume or eau de toilette

For personal use. Larger commercial quantities require declaration and may incur duties.

Currency

Foreign currency exceeding USD $3,000 (or equivalent) must be declared upon entry

Declaration is mandatory for amounts over the threshold. Ethiopian Birr import is restricted; travelers should not bring large amounts of local currency into the country. Undeclared currency may be confiscated.

Gifts and Personal Effects

Gifts and personal items up to a total value of approximately USD $500

Items for personal use during your stay are generally exempt from duty. New items in commercial packaging or excessive quantities may be questioned. Electronics like laptops, cameras, and phones for personal use are typically allowed without issue.

Prohibited Items

Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances - Illegal and subject to severe penalties including imprisonment
Firearms, ammunition, and explosives - Without proper authorization and permits
Counterfeit currency and goods - Including fake designer items and pirated media
Pornographic materials - Books, magazines, videos, or digital content deemed obscene
Materials deemed subversive or threatening to national security - Political materials may be scrutinized
Ivory and products made from endangered species - Protected under CITES regulations
Certain plants and plant products - May carry pests or diseases; agricultural items are heavily restricted

Restricted Items

Prescription medications - Bring only what's necessary for your trip with original packaging and prescriptions. Certain medications may require prior approval from Ethiopian health authorities
Professional equipment - Cameras, drones, and professional video equipment may require special permits, particularly for commercial use. Drones are heavily restricted and require authorization from Ethiopian Civil Aviation Authority
Satellite phones and communication equipment - May require special permits; declare these items upon arrival
Antiques and cultural artifacts - Exporting Ethiopian cultural property is strictly prohibited and requires special permits even for legally purchased items
Pets and animals - Require health certificates, vaccination records (especially rabies), and import permits from Ethiopian authorities
Fresh food products - Meat, dairy, fruits, and vegetables are generally restricted to prevent disease transmission

Health Requirements

Ethiopia has specific health entry requirements designed to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. All travelers should review these requirements well in advance of travel and consult with a travel medicine specialist or their healthcare provider about recommended vaccinations and health precautions.

Required Vaccinations

Yellow Fever - Required for all travelers aged 9 months and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission, or who have transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with yellow fever risk. The vaccination certificate must be presented at immigration. Vaccination should be received at least 10 days before travel.

Recommended Vaccinations

Hepatitis A - Recommended for all travelers due to potential exposure through food and water
Typhoid - Recommended, especially for travelers visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and relatives
Hepatitis B - Recommended for travelers who may have exposure to blood or body fluids, require medical treatment, or engage in activities with risk of infection
Rabies - Recommended for travelers with extensive outdoor activities, working with animals, or visiting remote areas where medical care may be limited
Meningococcal meningitis - Recommended, particularly during dry season (December-June) and for travelers to northern regions
Polio - Ensure routine vaccination is up to date; booster may be recommended
Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) - Ensure routine vaccination is current, especially for travelers born after 1957
Routine vaccinations - Ensure all routine vaccinations are up to date, including tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, and influenza

Health Insurance

While not mandatory for entry, comprehensive travel health insurance with medical evacuation coverage is strongly recommended. Medical facilities in Ethiopia, especially outside Addis Ababa, may be limited, and serious medical conditions may require evacuation to another country. Ensure your insurance covers emergency medical treatment, hospitalization, and medical evacuation. Keep insurance documents and emergency contact numbers easily accessible.

Current Health Requirements: Health entry requirements can change rapidly, particularly in response to disease outbreaks or pandemics. Check for current COVID-19 testing, vaccination, or quarantine requirements before travel, as these may still be in effect or change with little notice. Visit the Ethiopian Ministry of Health website, your country's travel health advisory page, or consult the WHO for the most current information. Malaria prophylaxis is recommended for travelers to most parts of Ethiopia below 2,500 meters elevation; consult a travel medicine specialist about appropriate antimalarial medication.

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Important Contacts

Essential resources for your trip.

Ethiopian e-Visa Portal

Official website for electronic visa applications

www.evisa.gov.et - For visa applications, checking application status, and official visa information

Ethiopian Immigration and Citizenship Service

Main Directorate in Addis Ababa

For visa extensions, residency permits, and immigration inquiries. Located in Addis Ababa; contact through your hotel or tour operator for current contact information

Embassy/Consulate

Your country's embassy or consulate in Ethiopia

Register with your embassy upon arrival for long stays. Most embassies are located in Addis Ababa. Check your government's travel advisory website for contact information and current travel warnings

Emergency Services

Police: 991, Ambulance: 907, Fire: 939

Emergency response capabilities vary by location. In Addis Ababa, response is generally reliable, but in rural areas, services may be limited. Hotels and tour operators can assist in emergencies

Tourist Police

Specialized police unit for tourist assistance in Addis Ababa

Available to help tourists with safety concerns, reporting crimes, or navigating issues. Often found near major tourist sites

Addis Ababa Bole International Airport

Main international gateway

Contact: +251 11 665 1000 for general inquiries, lost luggage, or airport services

Special Situations

Additional requirements for specific circumstances.

Traveling with Children

Children must have their own passport and visa (e-Visa or appropriate visa type). Minors (under 18) traveling without both parents or with only one parent should carry a notarized letter of consent from the non-traveling parent(s) authorizing the trip. This letter should include contact information for the absent parent(s), travel dates, and destination details. For children traveling with adults who are not their parents or legal guardians, additional documentation such as custody papers or legal guardianship documents may be required. Birth certificates should be carried to prove relationship. Single parents or guardians should carry documentation proving sole custody if applicable. These requirements help prevent child trafficking and abduction.

Traveling with Pets

Importing pets into Ethiopia requires advance planning and documentation. Requirements include: a valid health certificate issued by a licensed veterinarian within 10 days of travel, proof of rabies vaccination administered at least 30 days but not more than 12 months before arrival, an import permit from the Ethiopian Ministry of Agriculture (apply well in advance), and potentially a microchip for identification. Some airlines have additional requirements and restrictions for pet travel. Pets may be subject to quarantine upon arrival depending on documentation and health status. Certain breeds may be restricted. Contact the Ethiopian Ministry of Agriculture Animal Health Department and your airline well in advance of travel to ensure all requirements are met. Costs for permits, veterinary services, and potential quarantine can be significant.

Extended Stays and Visa Extensions

Tourist visas are typically issued for 30 or 90 days. If you need to stay longer, you must apply for a visa extension at the Main Department of Immigration and Citizenship Service in Addis Ababa before your current visa expires. Extension applications require: a valid passport, current visa, completed application form, passport photos, proof of sufficient funds, explanation for extension request, and extension fee. Processing can take several days to weeks, so apply well before your visa expires. Overstaying your visa can result in fines, detention, or deportation. For stays longer than tourist visas allow, consider applying for a business visa, work permit, student visa, or residence permit through appropriate channels. Work permits require sponsorship from an Ethiopian employer and are processed separately from tourist visas. Long-term residents must register with local authorities and may need to obtain a residence permit.

Business Travelers

Business travelers should apply for a business e-Visa rather than a tourist visa. Requirements include an invitation letter from an Ethiopian company or organization detailing the purpose and duration of the business visit, company registration documents of the inviting organization, and proof of business activities. Business visas may allow for multiple entries and longer stays than tourist visas. Business travelers should carry documentation of their business purpose, including meeting schedules, conference registration, or contracts. If conducting business activities that generate income in Ethiopia, additional work permits or business licenses may be required. Consult with the inviting organization and Ethiopian authorities about specific requirements for your business activities.

Journalists and Media Personnel

Journalists, photographers, and media personnel must obtain special accreditation and permits before traveling to Ethiopia for professional purposes. Contact the Ethiopian Government Communication Affairs Office or Media Authority for press accreditation. Requirements typically include a letter from your media organization, detailed itinerary, purpose of coverage, and equipment list. Professional video and photography equipment may require special permits. Failure to obtain proper media accreditation can result in equipment confiscation, detention, or deportation. Regulations for media personnel can be strict; ensure all documentation is in order before arrival. Tourist visas do not permit professional journalistic activities.

Dual Nationals and Ethiopian Origin Travelers

Travelers of Ethiopian origin or dual nationals (Ethiopian and another citizenship) should be aware of special considerations. Ethiopia recognizes dual citizenship, but travelers with Ethiopian heritage may be considered Ethiopian citizens by authorities, even if traveling on a foreign passport. Former Ethiopian citizens may need to clarify their citizenship status. Those with Ethiopian citizenship should enter and exit using their Ethiopian passport. If you were born in Ethiopia or have Ethiopian parents, contact an Ethiopian embassy before travel to clarify your status and documentation requirements. Some services and rights may differ for Ethiopian citizens versus foreign nationals.